速率限制

Overview

What are rate limits? A rate limit is a restriction that an API imposes on the number of times a user or client can access the server within a specified period of time.

Why do we have rate limits?

Rate limits are a common practice for APIs, and they're put in place for a few different reasons:

They help protect against abuse or misuse of the API. For example, a malicious actor could flood the API with requests in an attempt to overload it or cause disruptions in service. By setting rate limits, OpenAI can prevent this kind of activity. Rate limits help ensure that everyone has fair access to the API. If one person or organization makes an excessive number of requests, it could bog down the API for everyone else. By throttling the number of requests that a single user can make, OpenAI ensures that the most number of people have an opportunity to use the API without experiencing slowdowns. Rate limits can help OpenAI manage the aggregate load on its infrastructure. If requests to the API increase dramatically, it could tax the servers and cause performance issues. By setting rate limits, OpenAI can help maintain a smooth and consistent experience for all users. Please work through this document in its entirety to better understand how OpenAI’s rate limit system works. We include code examples and possible solutions to handle common issues. It is recommended to follow this guidance before filling out the Rate Limit Increase Request form with details regarding how to fill it out in the last section. What are the rate limits for our API? We enforce rate limits at the organization level, not user level, based on the specific endpoint used as well as the type of account you have. Rate limits are measured in two ways: RPM (requests per minute) and TPM (tokens per minute). The table below highlights the default rate limits for our API but these limits can be increased depending on your use case after filling out the Rate Limit increase request form.

The TPM (tokens per minute) unit is different depending on the model:

TYPE 1 TPM EQUALS davinci 1 token per minute curie 25 tokens per minute babbage 100 tokens per minute ada 200 tokens per minute In practical terms, this means you can send approximately 200x more tokens per minute to an ada model versus a davinci model.

TEXT & EMBEDDING CHAT CODEX EDIT IMAGE AUDIO Free trial users •20 RPM •150,000 TPM •20 RPM •40,000 TPM •20 RPM •40,000 TPM •20 RPM •150,000 TPM 50 images / min 50 RPM Pay-as-you-go users (first 48 hours) •60 RPM •250,000 TPM* •60 RPM •60,000 TPM* •20 RPM •40,000 TPM •20 RPM •150,000 TPM 50 images / min 50 RPM Pay-as-you-go users (after 48 hours) •3,500 RPM •350,000 TPM* •3,500 RPM •90,000 TPM* •20 RPM •40,000 TPM •20 RPM •150,000 TPM 50 images / min 50 RPM It is important to note that the rate limit can be hit by either option depending on what occurs first. For example, you might send 20 requests with only 100 tokens to the Codex endpoint and that would fill your limit, even if you did not send 40k tokens within those 20 requests.

How do rate limits work? If your rate limit is 60 requests per minute and 150k davinci tokens per minute, you’ll be limited either by reaching the requests/min cap or running out of tokens—whichever happens first. For example, if your max requests/min is 60, you should be able to send 1 request per second. If you send 1 request every 800ms, once you hit your rate limit, you’d only need to make your program sleep 200ms in order to send one more request otherwise subsequent requests would fail. With the default of 3,000 requests/min, customers can effectively send 1 request every 20ms, or every .02 seconds.

What happens if I hit a rate limit error? Rate limit errors look like this:

Rate limit reached for default-text-davinci-002 in organization org-{id} on requests per min. Limit: 20.000000 / min. Current: 24.000000 / min.

If you hit a rate limit, it means you've made too many requests in a short period of time, and the API is refusing to fulfill further requests until a specified amount of time has passed.

Rate limits vs max_tokens Each model we offer has a limited number of tokens that can be passed in as input when making a request. You cannot increase the maximum number of tokens a model takes in. For example, if you are using text-ada-001, the maximum number of tokens you can send to this model is 2,048 tokens per request.

Error Mitigation What are some steps I can take to mitigate this? The OpenAI Cookbook has a python notebook that explains details on how to avoid rate limit errors.

You should also exercise caution when providing programmatic access, bulk processing features, and automated social media posting - consider only enabling these for trusted customers.

To protect against automated and high-volume misuse, set a usage limit for individual users within a specified time frame (daily, weekly, or monthly). Consider implementing a hard cap or a manual review process for users who exceed the limit.

Retrying with exponential backoff One easy way to avoid rate limit errors is to automatically retry requests with a random exponential backoff. Retrying with exponential backoff means performing a short sleep when a rate limit error is hit, then retrying the unsuccessful request. If the request is still unsuccessful, the sleep length is increased and the process is repeated. This continues until the request is successful or until a maximum number of retries is reached. This approach has many benefits:

Automatic retries means you can recover from rate limit errors without crashes or missing data Exponential backoff means that your first retries can be tried quickly, while still benefiting from longer delays if your first few retries fail Adding random jitter to the delay helps retries from all hitting at the same time. Note that unsuccessful requests contribute to your per-minute limit, so continuously resending a request won’t work.

Below are a few example solutions for Python that use exponential backoff.

Example #1: Using the Tenacity library Example #2: Using the backoff library Example 3: Manual backoff implementation Batching requests The OpenAI API has separate limits for requests per minute and tokens per minute.

If you're hitting the limit on requests per minute, but have available capacity on tokens per minute, you can increase your throughput by batching multiple tasks into each request. This will allow you to process more tokens per minute, especially with our smaller models.

Sending in a batch of prompts works exactly the same as a normal API call, except you pass in a list of strings to the prompt parameter instead of a single string.

Example without batching Example with batching Warning: the response object may not return completions in the order of the prompts, so always remember to match responses back to prompts using the index field. Request Increase When should I consider applying for a rate limit increase? Our default rate limits help us maximize stability and prevent abuse of our API. We increase limits to enable high-traffic applications, so the best time to apply for a rate limit increase is when you feel that you have the necessary traffic data to support a strong case for increasing the rate limit. Large rate limit increase requests without supporting data are not likely to be approved. If you're gearing up for a product launch, please obtain the relevant data through a phased release over 10 days.

Keep in mind that rate limit increases can sometimes take 7-10 days so it makes sense to try and plan ahead and submit early if there is data to support you will reach your rate limit given your current growth numbers.

Will my rate limit increase request be rejected? A rate limit increase request is most often rejected because it lacks the data needed to justify the increase. We have provided numerical examples below that show how to best support a rate limit increase request and try our best to approve all requests that align with our safety policy and show supporting data. We are committed to enabling developers to scale and be successful with our API.

I’ve implemented exponential backoff for my text/code APIs, but I’m still hitting this error. How do I increase my rate limit? Currently, we don’t support increasing our free beta endpoints, such as the edit endpoint. We also don’t increase ChatGPT rate limits but you can join the waitlist for ChatGPT Professional access.

We understand the frustration that limited rate limits can cause, and we would love to raise the defaults for everyone. However, due to shared capacity constraints, we can only approve rate limit increases for paid customers who have demonstrated a need through our Rate Limit Increase Request form. To help us evaluate your needs properly, we ask that you please provide statistics on your current usage or projections based on historic user activity in the 'Share evidence of need' section of the form. If this information is not available, we recommend a phased release approach. Start by releasing the service to a subset of users at your current rate limits, gather usage data for 10 business days, and then submit a formal rate limit increase request based on that data for our review and approval.

We will review your request and if it is approved, we will notify you of the approval within a period of 7-10 business days.

Here are some examples of how you might fill out this form:

DALL-E API examples MODEL ESTIMATE TOKENS/MINUTE ESTIMATE REQUESTS/MINUTE # OF USERS EVIDENCE OF NEED 1 HOUR MAX THROUGHPUT COST DALL-E API N/A 50 1000 Our app is currently in production and based on our past traffic, we make about 10 requests per minute. $60 DALL-E API N/A 150 10,000 Our app is gaining traction in the App Store and we’re starting to hit rate limits. Can we get triple the default limit of 50 img/min? If we need more we’ll submit a new form. Thanks! $180 Language model examples MODEL ESTIMATE TOKENS/MINUTE ESTIMATE REQUESTS/MINUTE # OF USERS EVIDENCE OF NEED 1 HOUR MAX THROUGHPUT COST text-davinci-003 325,000 4,0000 50 We’re releasing to an initial group of alpha testers and need a higher limit to accommodate their initial usage. We have a link here to our google drive which shows analytics and api usage. $390 text-davinci-002 750,000 10,000 10,000 Our application is receiving a lot of interest; we have 50,000 people on our waitlist. We’d like to roll out to groups of 1,000 people/day until we reach 50,000 users. Please see this link of our current token/minute traffic over the past 30 days. This is for 500 users, and based on their usage, we think 750,000 tokens/minute and 10,000 requests/minute will work as a good starting point. $900 Code model examples MODEL ESTIMATE TOKENS/MINUTE ESTIMATE REQUESTS/MINUTE # OF USERS EVIDENCE OF NEED 1 HOUR MAX THROUGHPUT COST code-davinci-002 150,000 1,000 15 We are a group of researchers working on a paper. We estimate that we will need a higher rate limit on code-davinci-002 in order to complete our research before the end of the month. These estimates are based on the following calculation [...] Codex models are currently in free beta so we may not be able to provide immediate increases for these models.

Please note that these examples are just general use case scenarios, the actual usage rate will vary depending on the specific implementation and usage.